Classical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning - 883 Words

The study of behaviorist psychology have allowed us to understand how we subconsciously engage in the learning process. As demonstrated by notably experiments conducted by Ivan Pavlov, B.F Skinner, and various others, our learning process can be--and normally is--significantly influenced by the social and physical world around us. Two particular examples of this are classical conditioning and operant conditioning. â€Å"Classical conditioning occurs when a natural stimulus produces a response after being paired with a stimulus that naturally produces a response† (Schacter). For example, in horror movies suspenseful music tends to precede dramatic events. If you get scared during horror movies, your fear is a natural response to the horror (the stimulus). When music (unconditioned stimulus) is paired with the horror, the music becomes a conditioned stimulus. So when we you hear the music, we feel a sense of fear. (Another example will be provided later on to elaborate on this c oncept). On the other hand, operant conditioning is â€Å"a type of learning in which the consequences of an organism’s behavior determine whether it will be repeated in the future† (Schacter). For example, being put on a time out will decrease the probability of a particular behavior, while being given an allowance for washing the dishes will increase the probability of that behavior. From studying these learning processes, various institutions in our society have begun utilizing them in their marketingShow MoreRelatedClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1204 Words   |  5 Pagesknown as classical conditioning and operant conditioning. These forms of learning are very practical and can be seen and used in everyday life. Classical and operant conditioning are different forms of learning which have importance in everyday life and can be found in advertising, PTSD, and even lifestyle changes. To fully understand the importance of classical and operant conditioning, it is important to first understand what they are and how they are different. Classical conditioningRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1492 Words   |  6 Pages To expand upon the concepts of the two forms of conditioning listed above, three additional principals not previously listed for the sake of convenience are present in both forms of conditioning; these three principals-extinction, spontaneous recovery, and stimulus discrimination-are among the number of basic principals of conditioning that are found in most forms of conditioning. To explain, Extinction refers to the process by which the steady weakening or diminishment of a conditioned responseRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1249 Words   |  5 Pagestwo stimuli or a behavior and a learned stimulus. Associative learning is divided in to two central techniques, classical conditioning and operant condition. Classical and operant conditioning are basic methods of learning and conditioning is used to adapt a behavior or association through a stimuli or consequence (Ciccarelli, 2012). While classical conditioning and operant conditioning are key elements in associative learning, they have significant differences. A clear contrast between the two theoriesRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1693 Words   |  7 Pagesexamples of their work, as well as an exploration into the advantages and disadvantages that some of these approaches possess. Behaviourism is a theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviours are attained through conditioning. Behaviourists believe conditioning occurs when we interact with the environment and that the environment we are in determines the way we respond to a stimulus. The behaviourist approach believes we learn behaviours through association between response and consequenceRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning913 Words   |  4 PagesClassical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning There are two learning processes that are used, classical condition and operant conditioning. One learning process used is classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is a learning process in which a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus and acquires the capacity to elicit a similar response. I found two TV commercials that are excellent examples for classical conditioning. The first commercial I found is an Old Spice commercialRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1146 Words   |  5 Pageslearning is known as conditioning. Conditioning stresses the relationship between stimuli and responses. The two types of conditioning found are Classical conditioning and Operant conditioning. As stated before, learning may occur in different ways but Classical and Operant conditioning are two of several theories on learning which take the behaviorist approach. â€Å"Classical conditioning is an association of one event with another that results in a pattern of behavior.† Operant conditioning however, is â€Å"learningRead MoreClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning959 Words   |  4 Pagesthrough the experience of something. Two important associative learning styles that I learned that grasped my attention are classical conditioning and operant conditioning. These forms of learning are used everyday, and with that, people can categorize their certain behavior into places in which they fall in. The first type of associative learning is classical conditioning, which was discovered by Ivan Pavlov during an experiment. It is a learning process where a neutral stimulus becomes associatedRead MoreClassical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning1189 Words   |  5 Pagessimilarities between Classical conditioning and Operant conditioning? Many people believe that Classical and Operant are similar. Several people don’t know what the similarities and differences of Classical and Operant are, several people think it is the same learning method, which in this case I’m going to compare and contrast each behavior and give you information about each one, so you could have a better understanding of each method and what they do. Classical and Operant are very similar to eachRead MoreBehaviorism And Classical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning Essay1504 Words   |  7 Pagesfounders of the theory who are John B. Watson and B. F. Skinner. However, the information will foc us more on their early education and known achievements. Furthermore, you will find different theories regarding behaviorism such as classical conditioning and operant conditioning. In order to understand the difference and similarities between the two of them examples have been provided. To fully comprehend in what Behaviorism consists of, modern applications examples of the theory have been also includedRead MoreClassical Conditioning Vs. Operant Conditioning Essay1088 Words   |  5 Pages 1. a) Define Classical Conditioning and Behaviorism. b) Identify the two major characteristics that distinguish classical conditioning from operant conditioning. Classical Conditioning is a type of learning process of an individual when they come in contact with certain stimuli. According to Pavlov, a Russian psychologist, he developed several experiments on learning and he discovered that classical condition is the basic form of learning for an individual. However, according to Pavlov, behaviorism

Environmental Management Sustainable Development

Question: Discuss about theEnvironmental Management for Sustainable Development. Answer: Introduction: Sustainability development is defined as the using, protecting and strengthening of environment resources in an ecological way to maintain and ensure the safety of these services for the future generations. The need for a sustainable and better future emerged in the late 20th century. Like any other country who made it to the list of developed nations in the world, the Australian economy was highly dependent on it primary resources for industrial development. By 1990 the Commonwealth government of Australia created and gave a definition to the country`s personal ESD (ecological sustainable development). Surrounded by three oceans, Australia has a responsibility towards its marine environment. Also, the extensive use of land for modernization by the growing population has added to several environmental issues. As per Hiscock (2014), the betterment of the nation, economist favored a method of levying prices on those who emit CO2 called a carbon price. The idea of carbon tax primarily f ormed part of the future plan for clean energy and aimed to decrease levels of greenhouses gasses in the country. Implementation of this plan by the government targeted to promote the use of sustainable energy techniques by industries. As commented by Jotzo (2012), an efficient use of Carbon pricing plays a significant role in fulfilling Australia`s new commitments and besides can prove to be beneficial regarding revenue generation. The research analysis scrutinizes Australia`s current situation and the role of carbon pricing in establishing a better future. An update and reflection to the use of this strategy by the government have also been included. Furthermore, the project takes into consideration a relationship between systematic changes and sustainable development. Discussion According to Griggs et al. (2013), Australia lays down a set of goals and objectives to meet the need of a better present and worthwhile future. The nations self-developed SDGs (sustainable development goals) not only aims for the country`s prosperity but also encourage actions for a global sustainable development. However, being the world`s highest carbon emitter per person Australia faces a significant challenge of emission reduction. The practice of charging businesses for a high excretion of carbon waste in the environment has lead to an indicative downfall in the greenhouses gasses. According to Bailey et al. (2012), carbon tax policies in Australia fundamentally aimed to reduce pollution by 5% below 2000 at the end of 2020 and more than 80% below 2000 level by 2050. The Australian government fixed the price of one-tonne carbon emission at $23 for the year 2013-14 which increased to $24.15 for the financial year 2013-14. Primarily the strategy attended to the industrial segment whose direct excretion exceeded a limit and also to businesses for which it was mandatory to pay a price on emissions through the fuel tax rule or the greenhouse gas schemes. With an introduction of carbon pricing, the government of the nation set up separate bodies to look after the payment of such taxes. By the end of the year 2014, the tax liabilities started to function and show results in favor of Australia. As reported by Foxon et al. (2013), more than 75000 business companies of the country that included the mining, electricity, aviation and other sectors were liable to pay these charges. Relating to IMF reports, carbon pricing mechanism is the heart of an integrated strategy response of the Australian government that was designed through a comprehensive policy design course (Environment.gov.au. 2016). One of the main advantages of this taxing system is its ability to connect to several other marketing channels. For better functioning, the country puts a spotlight on linking its carbon tax policies to the international standards as well. To meet a state of the low-carbon economy, it is important for Australia to study the dual-nature of imposing carbon liabilities on its economy (Icapcarbonaction.com. 2016). It is the effect of these policies that enable industries to search a more ethical production technique. The burden of these taxes on the modernized country generates better revenue for the government and also makes the people aware of the social situation of the country. As stated by Fahimnia et al. (2013), despite healing and minimizing CO2 levels in the environ ment the practice of carbon pricing has lead to a downfall in the economy. The people of Australia have to pay a cost literally for a sustainable future. Increase in prices of goods and services due to an extra charge on carbon excretion is finally borne by the consumers (Carbontax.net.au. 2016). The modern generation tends to emphasize their demands over other species. To meet their needs the people are substantially dependent on nature and hence it is their responsibility to take care of the resources. While reviewing sustainability objectives, Australia is confronted with the wicked problem and its conjunction of systematical dynamics for better planning and insight of the real world. The government`s role in being able to study and criticize from a broad angle is necessary for understanding complexities and problems that arise along with the topic of sustainability. By exercising system thinking and focusing on growing patterns rather than singular occurrences the population of the country gain knowledge about integrated components in the urban environment. It is equally important to understand the ethical relationship between the elements of the environment to carry out decisions for the coming generation. System thinking often affects a sole component and in turn, leads to an unwanted and unexpected impact on another part creating a misbalance in the ecological system. The primary purpose of a system perspective is solving problems and gain valid information in order to understand the complex real world balance. Concerning a sustainable future and survival of the human race in Australia, the people are substantially dependent on the process of system thinking. Though it 's hard to develop more efficient strategies and drive the community towards achieving a common goal the system thinking mechanism identifies these issues as an overall system problem rather than reacting to individual parts alone. Australia greatly depends on the use of technology and globalization factors for economic development. The extensive consumption of resources acts as a hurdle in the advancement of the nation. An application of the systematic method and viewing its implication from a wider angle is what system thinking is all about. The government of the country along with performing by itself work in collaboration with social communities and international ties seek to understand and cultivate on the idea of sustainable development. With a concern of imposing carbon taxes in a systematic manner, the decision-makers need to divide the consumer segment based on their buying capacity and income levels (Healey 2015). Carbon liabilities on industries gradually add up to be a negative externality factor for the industrial sector of the country. Also, government reports show a substantial rise in product prices causes a situation of market failure. The relationship between elements that are dependent on eac h other forms a complexity in the system. Further, exploring an action plan based on system thinking rule it is regarded as a slow and non-practicable act that lacks efficiency in real-world issues. In order to reduce greenhouse gasses in the environment and focus on a safe livelihood for the coming generation, Australia looks at the carbon pricing policy as the most efficient method. The recent introduction of emission trading scheme has lead to a nowhere situation for the government of the country (Theaustralian.com.au. 2015). Also, the intervention of politics and corruption has slowed down the smooth functioning of the nation. A vast range of scaremongering has also caused the country to abolish a carbon tax. Though impose such liability would result in a rise in gas and electricity prices, it would also affect the GST of the country. In addition to a source for revenue generation, the tax reform policies put a spotlight on equality problems. The regressive nature of carbon pricing is to the fault in the functioning of the government. Most unfortunately, the abolition of the tax policy of carbon has gained a massive amount of negative review from almost every horizon of the world. Even such a sudden step has been pointed out as "disappointing step" by the former vice president of the US Al Gore. Along with Mr. Gore, the climate commissioner of the European Union has voiced same disappointment for passing the appeal for repealing Carbon tax legislation on 17th July 2014. The decision left Australia with no proper legal act to minimize emission of greenhouse gas. It is shocking that how new senators from the cross bench have dominated the Australian government finally to accept the repealed appeal regarding carbon tax (Independentaustralia.net. 2016). It is important to keep in mind the fact demise of two prime ministers has probably the instigated the process of abolishing the carbon tax policy in Australia. Unfortunately, rebelling voices of the labor party of Australia has submerged under the hypocritical attitude of Ian Macdonald who performs the role of government backbencher. As a dire consequence, 350 businesses will no more have an obligation to pay tax or make a balance in the business operation to control greenhouse gas emission. In the words of Hobbs and Saunders (2012), big head production companies and electricity generators which have been accused of being the pioneer of enhancing the volume of Carbon gas emission are supposed to have the potential benefit from this abolition. However, according to the Australian government, the scheme of Carbon pricing proved to have certain pitfalls though the rate of national emission of the greenhouse gasses has fallen by near about 0.8% (Taylor 2014). Most importantly, the systems of energy reporting and national greenhouse have the ability to avoid European problems. The good news in this context is that rate of the electricity emission from the east coast market has fallen by almost 11% though there are ambiguous and unsatisfactory results from the other parts of the domain. Consumer commission and council of the Australian competition are mainly accountable for enforcing the price reduction policies, and it is astonishing that they are quite reluctant about the fact that electricity bill and gas bill have raised since the abolition of Carbon price tax. However, these responsible entities have argued and supported their back by pointing to the fact that rise in the electricity bill is less by 9% than the estimated rate, and the gas bill has enhanced by 7% less than the expected rate (Meng Siriwardana and McNeill 2013). Conclusion The carbon tax was introduced in Act of Clean Energy in 2011. The government also launched funds for Emission Reduction in December 2014. The plan required emitting carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gasses to over 25,000 tonnes. This was a revolutionary idea, as the emission of greenhouse gasses in Australia declined to over 5%. It was investigated that there was a reduction of 7% after the induction of carbon tax. Carbon tax led to an increase of greenhouse gasses from the electricity companies increased by 4%, and 38% in 2008. The Earth is on the verge of the main pollution adversities, with the rise in global temperature and the sudden climate shifts, there is a crucial need for sustainable development. Implementing carbon tax and vehicular norms are just a few measures to tackle this global apocalypse. Carbon dioxide emissions cause ocean acidification, which kills marine organism. Environmental issues have now become paramount important as the sustainability of the world as we know it, is in question. Practices like Recycling, Reusing, Waste treatment, mitigation, prevention, and composition are few ways. Pollution control devices like Dust collection, scrubbers, sewage treatment, industrial waste management and Phytoremediation are only a few measures. There need to be implementation and government initiatives for control of pollution, high polluting vehicles should be banned. Environmental Laws should be implemented after thorough assessment of the environmental impacts. Briefly, the most important ta rget for any government is to ensure a sustainable environmental development. Recommendations Bailey, I., MacGill, I., Passey, R. and Compston, H., 2012. The fall (and rise) of carbon pricing in Australia: a political strategy analysis of the carbon pollution reduction scheme.Environmental Politics,21(5), pp.691-711. Carbontax.net.au. (2016).Carbon Tax | The Facts about the Carbon Tax. [online] Available at: https://www.carbontax.net.au/ [Accessed 31 Aug. 2016]. Environment.gov.au. (2016).N. [online] Available at: https://www.environment.gov.au/about-us/esd/publications/national-esd-strategy-part1 [Accessed 31 Aug. 2016]. Environment.gov.au. (2016).Repealing the Carbon Tax | Department of the Environment and Energy. [online] Available at: https://www.environment.gov.au/climate-change/repealing-carbon-tax [Accessed 31 Aug. 2016]. Fahimnia, B., Sarkis, J., Dehghanian, F., Banihashemi, N. and Rahman, S., 2013. The impact of carbon pricing on a closed-loop supply chain: an Australian case study.Journal of Cleaner Production,59, pp.210-225. Foxon, T.J., Khler, J., Michie, J. and Oughton, C., 2013. Towards a new complexity economics for sustainability.Cambridge journal of economics,37(1), pp.187-208. Griggs, D., Stafford-Smith, M., Gaffney, O., Rockstrm, J., hman, M.C., Shyamsundar, P., Steffen, W., Glaser, G., Kanie, N. and Noble, I., 2013. Policy: Sustainable development goals for people and planet.Nature,495(7441), pp.305-307. Healey, S., 2015. It's time to celebrate and renovate!.Taxation in Australia,49(8), p.434. Hiscock, M.E., 2014. Global, local and glocal schools: the role of comparative law and the impact of globalisation.China-EU Law Journal,3(1-2), pp.13-21. Hobbs, R.J. and Saunders, D. eds., 2012.Reintegrating fragmented landscapes: towards sustainable production and nature conservation. Springer Science Business Media. Icapcarbonaction.com. (2016). [online] Available at: https://icapcarbonaction.com/en/?option=com_attachtask=downloadid=14 [Accessed 31 Aug. 2016]. Independentaustralia.net. (2016).Independent Australia. [online] Available at: https://www.independentaustralia.net/ [Accessed 31 Aug. 2016]. Jotzo, F., 2012. Australia's carbon price.Nature Climate Change,2(7), pp.475-476. Meng, S., Siriwardana, M. and McNeill, J., 2013. The environmental and economic impact of the carbon tax in Australia.Environmental and Resource Economics,54(3), pp.313-332. Taylor, L. (2014).Australia kills off carbon tax. [online] the Guardian. Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/jul/17/australia-kills-off-carbon-tax [Accessed 31 Aug. 2016]. Theaustralian.com.au. (2015).Putting a price on carbon will pay off. [online] Available at: https://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/business-spectator/putting-a-price-on-carbon-will-pay-off/news-story/92415fb095918c6c33ff1a89647bb9a0 [Accessed 31 Aug. 2016].

Who Is Misleading Us About American Revolution Essay Topics?

Who Is Misleading Us About American Revolution Essay Topics? Rumors, Deception and American Revolution Essay Topics Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about a coming deadline. The United States today intends to fight terrorism worldwide. They agreed as they saw it as the best way to assure American independence. The War between the USA and Mexico. American Revolution Essay Topics at a Glance By viewing this list, you will secure various suggestions for your essay topics ideas. Alongside the topics, you'd discover loads of papers free of charge. If you wish to choose nice and interesting American history essay topics, you ought to be mindful they ought to be specific and fairly narrow so that you're able to reflect on a particular problem or issue. The subject for discussion needs to be manageable, i.e. you ought to be in a position to go over the subject in the most detailed way based on the amount of pages you must write. American Revolution Essay Topics at a Glance Even its longevity isn't that impressive. The data about the real personalities from their nation are available, and it may really contribute to your paper concerning credibility and research value. If you would like to get along in society in regard to money and success, then you have to compromise a radical makes hardly any compromises. Discuss its advantages on the folks. The Battle Over American Revolution Essay Topics and How to Win It Of course, when you enjoy reading, then start looking for a professionally written revolution essay. You will discover a variety of argumentative essay topics but picking the perfect one might be the basic and the very first step to compose an influential essay. This isn't an instance of the work generated by our essay writing service. Most of different essays take the principal topic American Revolution where a man or woman can have the ability to discover plenty of essays if interested on American history. Simply take a scenario which you are writing an essay from Tahiti. You are able to provoke your audience to participate in a specific action that is essential to deal with the issue or issue discussed in your essay. With a fantastic paper your audience isn't going to will need to find different sources to read on the revolution. The Lost Secret of American Revolution Essay Topics Members often use this page for a resource for more thorough planning, to choose certain activities utilizing the activity finder or maybe to compare our curriculum with state standards. Free American Revolution essay samples can be found FreeEssayHelp with no payment or registration. Local chapter contacts are the ideal resource to learn more on the educational programs offered in the neighborhood community. At first, Easy Mem ber Pro might be slightly intimidating because it's a membership site script. George Washington's part in the American Revolution was among the key reasons for their success. It's the European nation-state that's the issue, as it is inextricably intertwined with what Cedric Robinson called racial capitalism. Write about the function of the Underground Railroad in freeing individual slaves together with contributing to the general maturation of the abolitionist movement. Imagine yourself as an early American and think of what would make you wish to visit war. This is quite a strong story expressed via the love of brothers. Suppressing a rebellion in the us also posed other issues. Find out more regarding this courageous man. He seemed to understand better than every other general the ideal manner to employ militia. Abolition Finally, the topics within this section encourage students to comprehend what eventually resulted in the abolition of slavery. As a historian you must interrogate your sources and ask the vital questions. Relevant Topics that are related to your society will engage the reader in the most effective possible way. The Benefits of American Revolution Essay Topics Some people don't believe that the American Revolution should be regarded as a revolution in any respect. Start looking for articles which have been written on American Revolution. Revolution in the new world is an excellent topic for a customized revolution ess ay. Interpret the American Revolution via your essay. No single event resulted in the revolution. Nevertheless, the primary reason for the Revolution is economics. There is a minute in every revolution when it's poised to fail. However, what is guaranteed is that everybody would agree to the consciousness of the American Revolution. The Upside to American Revolution Essay Topics Inquire into the terms alone and make sure that chronological order is adhered to. For example, a decent number of individuals of Massachusetts made a decision to surround the state house in Exeter because of the reason which their pleas were not put under consideration. In the same way, authorities will have a tendency to thwart and discourage any individual that's aspiring to go against their will. Talk about the value of French guidance to American troops.

How To Write For The Student Of The Year Essay Examples

How To Write For The Student Of The Year Essay ExamplesThe criteria for the Student of the Year are not well defined. Many students enter their first year with one of the most desirable scholarships and will go to any length in order to secure one. There are many criteria that could have been used to determine the award of the Student of the Year.In fact, many students are given essay examples each year to determine if they are eligible for these scholarships. They are sent home with five or ten essay examples, from which they are expected to choose the one that best fits their skill level.Most students like to choose essays that have a variety of themes. This is especially true if they are going to school for an online college degree or if they want to get a teaching certificate. Some even write multiple essays for a scholarship, which is really a fun challenge.There are different reasons why students select these themes. For some it may be because they feel the topic is too big for them. Others might feel the theme relates to their interests or it was the topic that best fit their personality.It is the student's responsibility to choose the essay examples that best fit their skills. It is also helpful if the student has a mentor or supervisor that can help them write the essay with guidance.You may have to pay a fee if you hire a professional reviewer or editor to help you. Also, most scholarship judges for the award ceremony will give a minimum of one minute to all essays. A few will also analyze the student's qualifications and writing style.There are many factors that determine which essay examples you can receive. Just remember that if you can write the best essay for this scholarship, you are certainly worthy of receiving the award.

Essay Prone College Problems - How to Avoid College Problems For Essay Help

Essay Prone College Problems - How to Avoid College Problems For Essay HelpCollege problems for essay help students avoid a lot of problems that college professors will point out in their lectures. Also, it will give you an insight on how to handle other situations as well.First of all, if you have a problem with getting along with your fellow classmates then do not get involved in any kind of prank. You may encounter such problems in your senior year but at least you can avoid this. If there is no other option then just keep yourself away from the group.Secondly, college problems for essay help you to talk about your class. This is one problem that many students have and many others are trying to avoid. There is nothing wrong in discussing the subject or problem of your course but if you want your essay to be well-written, you have to focus on what you are writing about. Thus, you will be able to write about something related to your class rather than about how much you dislike your class mates.Thirdly, if you want to write about a subject related to your classmates, you can try writing about the incident that occurred during your first few days of college. If you cannot write about this incident in detail, just put it in the past tense and skip all the questions. This should be a special condition for many students who just did not have a good relationship with their classmates.Fourthly, if you want to write about an event that took place during your second or third semester of college, you can include the date and the location of this event. In addition, if there was a news about this event, put it in the past tense and just leave all the questions to the past tense.Last but not the least, the time that you should put in the past tense for your essay depends on how serious your concern is. However, there are other essays like 'Semester at Sea' which are written in the present tense, because they relate to current events.Remember that college problems for ess ay help you to avoid a lot of problems and it also gives you a better knowledge about writing an essay. Keep yourself away from problems and keep writing your essays well.

Sample Essay About Ecology For High School Graders

Sample Essay About Ecology For High School GradersHave you ever wondered what sort of essay you should write on ecology for a sample exam? Or do you think that a high school student who wants to study biology should study the earth system and its important factors? Well, the sample essay you are looking for is as follows:'The environment is becoming more fragile as we push toward global warming. Of the twenty-five major life forms currently known, nine are being threatened by human activities. As climate change raises its head, many life forms are being displaced, which places humans in greater danger of extinction.The problem is that extinction may be inevitable. All of Earth's animals and plants live in constant competition for survival. Humans are the ones with the power to improve their conditions, but without devising new ways to compete for space and resources, they are at risk of becoming extinct. Unfortunately, the human population will continue to grow exponentially as more people discover ways to improve their environment.'There is only one requirement for this essay, however. The student must write a brief paragraph explaining the main points they will cover in the exam. You can include a few examples here if you like, but that is not the most important part of your essay.If you have ever taken an exam and realized that it was a mock exam that was used as a basis for writing a sample essay, then you have probably noticed that the samples are really quite boring. And if you want your essay to stand out from the crowd, you might want to write something that is more exciting. You might try saying, 'The author of this article is very excited about his thoughts about ecology and would like to discuss a bit more about it.'A student who has never taken a sample in their life, is forced to devise such measures as well as strategy. They can't simply write the best essay possible. They need to make sure that their essay is useful, both to their teachers and to themselves.An essay that is based on facts and scientific evidence, which is worth reading and that they feel is correct, can create a history. And this is something that every teacher wants to see, not just in those who attend college but all who hope to one day go to school. A sample essay about ecology is the perfect chance for students to remember why they want to become teachers.

Whenever Culture Has Ever Been Defeated Essay Example

Whenever Culture Has Ever Been Defeated Essay The drama A Streetcar Named Desire by Tennessee Williams was written and staged in 1947. Since then it has received a high popularity with the public not only in the USA but all over the world.Almost all the critics agree on the wide range of conflicts being present in the play. The researchers from different critical schools find them on topical, character, stylistic and symbolical layers. The key players in the explicit conflict shown in A Streetcar are Blanche DuBois and her brother-in-law Stanley Kowalski. Against the backstage of intensely complex and diverse culture of New Orleans they perform scenes of mortal combat. In the end of the play both of them are put on the brink of collapse. The critics say that Stanley having abused his power in regard to Blanche symbolizes the victory of primitivism over high culture, of realism over romanticism and of urban Yankees over rural southerners.   However, the essence of the conflicts in A Streetcar is far more complex.Throughout the scenes of the play an observer is free to compose his or her own understanding of the conflicts happening. Though Blanche is assaulted as the representative of the Southern refined culture, though she is abandoned in her feelings and values and is taken into mental asylum in the end of the drama, this living symbol of noble culture is not defeated by her counterpart Stanley. The theses are proved by various pieces of critique in different periods as well as by the deep analysis of the play itself.In the introductory scenes of A Streetcar the author depicts Blanche as being â€Å"incongruous to this setting† (Williams 5). The critics interpret the stage remark as the clue to Blanche representing an environment that is more refined than the cheap setting of Elysian Fields. What does it mean to be â€Å"incongruous†? The author clearly emphasizes that the heroine is incompatible; inconsistent, dissociable in regard to the surroundings not just in terms of geographical loc alization or appearance. Gradually a reader of the play script (or a spectator of the classical variant of the play) learns what incongruity means in the DuBois’ case.Having come from the fortress of the Old Good South, the Belle Reve, having escaped from the shameful settings of Laurel to Elysian Fields, the main female character is conceptualized at first as being really unprepared for dirty staircases, rough neighbors, shambling houses and the scenes of street disorder at the Kowalskis. She is not prepared to see her sister to be a plain housewife and her brother-in law to be dressed in a bowling jacket. Tischler defines Blanche DuBois (who is impeccably dressed and has distinguished looks) as â€Å"a Southern belle† (42) and it seems to be true. Yet why is Stanley (who is dressed casually and looks plainly) defined as â€Å"the clear victor† (ibid.) then?Williams describes Blanche as a woman whose â€Å"delicate beauty† â€Å"must avoid a strong ligh t† (Williams 5). She is undoubtedly a product of the old-fashioned and traditional South with women sitting on the shady verandas or in the cool living-rooms accepting flirtous, easy-going and amiable relatives and friends. She behaves like a heiress of an exuberant and rich household waiting for a true lover to come and take her with all her beautiful body, refined soul and possessions. However, this myth of â€Å"a Southern belle† tends to be ruined in the sequence of scenes.First, the Belle Reve, a beautiful dream of the rural South, comes to a decline. Second, amiable and multiple relatives disappear. Whereas Blanche stays the same beautiful dreamer, the beautiful world around her ceases to exist. Her sister’s place appears to be a pitiful and hostile place. Her refined manners are said to be a mask too loose to fit. Her brother-in-law happens to be a brutal beast spying and tracing her like a game, denigrating her human and female value, devoiding her of the only candidate to make a match, etc. Yet she is hoping for some chimeras. Meanwhile, Stanley is not dreaming but forces Blanche to leave his house and life.Frankly speaking, the essence of the play’s conflicts is not of the family conflicts between close relatives. To understand it more clearly, the characters need to be characterized. As a French descent, a southern belle, Blanche is extremely choosy concerning social background of her own and of men to socialize with. She despises Stanley for being Polish and mockingly asks him if the Poles are â€Å"something like Irish, arent they?† (Williams 16). In the southern snobbish consciousness people from other places besides the South itself are intruders and barbarians. Brustein pointed that â€Å"[a]s a social or cultural figure, Stanley is a villain, in mindless opposition to civilization and culture – the ‘new man’ of the modern world whom Williams seems to find responsible for the present-day de cline in art, language, decorum, and culture† (9).It is true that Kowalski prefers bowling and poker to noble hunt or horse rides. It is true that he does not speak French, the language of the nobles. It is true that he throws bloody piece of meat for his wife to cook instead of inviting her for a walk in the magnificent alley of the ancestral manor. However, Stanley is far from being just a villain or a Neanderthal as Blanche puts it. Brustein proceeds that â€Å"[a]s a psychological or sexual figure, however, Stanley exists on a somewhat more heroic moral plane† (9).Stanley is at all times an active character, one who manipulates each situation in which he appears. Rather than expressing dissatisfaction with the grubby conditions in which he lives, he exults in them, and he does not indicate any desire to better himself. More important, Stanley, as brute force incarnate, has no poetry or sensitivity or nobility in him [†¦]. His intelligence is mostly animal cunni ng and his power of speech limited to expressing basic desires. (Brustein 10)The emphasis in depicting this character is vividly made on his active and exuberant sexuality. Neither Stella nor Blanche can avoid this animal charisma. Some may say that Stanley is too primitive as a person: his dominant motives are â€Å"a sense of ownership† and â€Å"ecstatic sexuality† (Tischler 42). But he is shrewd enough to notice that Blanche steps out as his antagonist, He senses â€Å"condescension in her tone toward him [that] signals a challenge to his authority† (Tischler 42). He understands that she is â€Å"the snake in his garden† (Tischler 42).To continue, despite his sexuality and brutality, Stanley is able to display affection towards his wife and a baby. If he is â€Å"an ignoble rather than a noble savage† (Brustein 10), then, he behaves in a strange manner pleading his wife to stay with him. As Tischler notices, he possesses â€Å"a rough charm, b road comedy, delight in battle, primitive protectiveness of his home – the qualities most frequently admired in the all-American male† (47). Stanley says about himself: â€Å"I am not a Polack. People from Poland are Poles, not Polacks. But what I am is a one hundred per cent American, born and raised in the greatest country on earth and proud as hell of it, so dont ever call me a Polack† (Williams 134).Kowalski is not a plain barbarian but a rather complex personage, though, with rigid cultural, moral and intellectual frames. Kernan assumes that â€Å"[i]n his code, women are divided into two categories, sluts and virgins. Only virgins are allowed to marry his buddies; sluts must be exploited and exposed† (17). He finds evidence of Blanche being a slut and does not pause to treat her accordingly. Blanche, however, is not a plain slut.Strikingly, Kolin agrees with Henry I. Schvey in the assumption that â€Å"Williams was thinking of attributes traditional ly identified with the Virgin in Renaissance art† (82). Blanche is â€Å"a tragic heroine† (ibid.) partly because of the impossibility to stick to this image of purity and suffer. She is obsessed with lust and is able to welcome equally the soldiers from a military camp in Laurel, a newspaper courier, and Stanley’s friend who is far from being her ideal man.Brustein analyzes the conflict between Blanche and Stanley as the one with sexual underlying:The conflict between Blanche and Stanley allegorizes the struggle between effeminate culture and masculine libido. It is no accident that Stanley, in the climax of the play, subdues Blanche by a brutal sexual assault. (9)If Blanche is obsessed with lust so much (the same researcher stated that â€Å"Blanche is a nymphomaniac,† Brustein 9), why does she reject Stanley then? Why is their sexual encounter a rape? What man does Blanche seek for?The poet Allan Grey whom she has fallen in love with for his masterfully written letters turns out to be a pervert. Her ideal of manhood, a â€Å"beautiful and talented young man† is â€Å"a degenerate† (Williams 124). In a while she meets a high-school student of hers in Laurel who also bears the same sign of distinction from the others as Grey: â€Å"There was something different about the boy, a nervousness, a softness which wasnt like a mans although he wasnt the least bit effeminate-looking – still – that thing was there† (Williams 114). If she seeks for sensitivity in a man, she makes the wrong choice because in the end of sensitive relationships she is collapsed physically and mentally. If she seeks for plain and exuberant sex, she is collapsed again psychologically and in terms of her reputation in the end of each affair.Blanche is portrayed as â€Å"a frantic, trapped woman, still proud, still determined to survive. Because she assumes that she must pretend to be the innocent romantic in order to attract men, she hides her past, her age, and her sexual appetites† (Tischler 46). This inner and implicit conflict of Blanche adds complexity to the intrigue of the play. One may find it strange that Stanley’s sexual appeal is found â€Å"though violent, [†¦] unmental, unspiritual, and, therefore, in some way free from taint† (Brustein 9), and Blanche with her sexual appeal is called a nymphomaniac. Her sin and perversity may derive themselves from the sources other than sex.Additionally to being tainted with corrupted sexual lust, Blanche does not suit the everyday environment in regard to her habits and manners. Why does Stanley’s informer who used to know Blanche in Laurel refers to a woman of manners, good social background and high education as to â€Å"not just different but downright loco – nuts† (Williams 121)?   Why does she ironically remark: â€Å"True? Yes, I suppose – unfit somehow . . .† (Williams 146-7)? Does the argu ment cover just the matters of sex and prostitution? Hardly is it so. On the point Tischler assumes:She has to prove she is a lady of breeding and elegance, forcing herself to perform rituals out of keeping with her new context. When her commitment to class distinction requires that she demand respect due a lady rather than accepting tacit recognition by those she meets, she quickly becomes a grotesque parody of a forgotten age. (49)According to Brustein, the conflict between Blanche and Stanley comes from the distinctions in their cultural backgrounds: â€Å"culture and tradition are desirable, but breed effeteness and perversity [†¦] and make one an easy prey to the unenlightened† (9). The enlightenment for Blanche is her reminiscences of better times and better places. Tischler calls these Blanche’s pattern of socializing to consist of â€Å"empty gestures of an anachronistic cultural context† (48).Blanches heritage of landed aristocracy is dying of its own vices. In the urban setting of the New South, class is determined by power and wealth. Stanley will triumph because he has the will to succeed, as Stella understands. He is a type of crude new immigrant, who has no taste for the heritage of the Old South. (ibid.)Thus, one more point of confrontation of Blanche and Stanley between sex is the cultural one. The opposition of â€Å"the rich cultural traditions of the Southern heritage† and â€Å"the crude, but vital, modern setting† (Tischler 50) drives the play towards its climax, the total collapse of the cultural embodiment or living signifier, Blanche.One, though, may say that the opposition is not structured exclusively between cultural and non-cultural concepts. Kernan suggests the presence of realism and romanticism opposition. The researcher states that William’s model of realism and symbolism in A Streetcar is more complicated than in the earlier playwrights.[†¦] there is a â€Å"real† world outside and inside each of us which is actively hostile to any belief in the goodness of man and the validity of moral values. His realism gives expression to this aspect of the world, and A Streetcar Named Desire is his clearest treatment of the human dilemma which entails the dramatic dilemma. We are presented in Streetcar with two polar ways of looking at experience: the realistic view of Stanley Kowalski and the non-realistic view of his sister-in-law, Blanche DuBois. Williams brings the two views into conflict immediately. (17)Whatever conceptualization is made of the conflict between the main personages of the play, the coda of the drama erases the distinctions between the participants as the right and the wrong side. Stanley wants to prove his masculinity on behalf of Blanche and enjoys triumph. Blanche wants to oppose the seductive sexual power of her brother-in-law and fails. It puts her on the brink of self-denigration. Stanley in his opposition to Blanche pursues the goa ls of territorial protection derived from â€Å"the very human hunger for a secure home† (Tischler 48). Blanche after all shifts the category of home onto Stanley: â€Å"maybe (Stanley)s what we need to mix with our blood now that weve lost Belle Reve and have to go on without Belle Reve to protect us† (Williams 45), she says to Stella. Blanche after all wants to ruin Stanley’s world to assert the one of her own.In the very end, Stanley is left with his wife and a new-born baby being exhibited altogether to vague family and social perspectives. Blanche is ushered to a mental asylum. Stanley seems to be the winner and Blanche seems to be a loser. However, the defeated and raped side appears to celebrate victory in the end.Tischler states Blanche’s â€Å"moral victory in the face of a physical defeat† (44). DuBois’ lover dreamed about turns into a psychiatrist but she never cares. She is free and beautiful again at her best with violets on her bosom and a doctor on the arm. After all it does not matter whether Stanley would feel regret after Blanche; or whether Blanche would recover mentally. What matters is that different cultural backgrounds have proved the urgency to exist in different modes. Instead of justifying urban and rural, or realistic and symbolic mode of behaviour, one may turn to think about truth as beauty as Tischler proposes.Although we are determined to understand the real world, to look clearly at life, we also have a perennial hunger for romance, which relies on exaggeration and imagination. We want human relations to be more than sexual need, we want human life to be something more than animal existence. (Tischler 51)One cannot say that culture is defeated in Blanche’s representation. Instead one thinks about finding new goals in life full of peril and aggression.The need today is not for a hero who seems to be a rebel while really conforming to an established pattern, but for a hero who, with out rejecting language, tradition, education, and art – without finding consolation in the impulsive anarchy of Stanley Kowalski – can express the nonconformism which stems from a long, hard, individualistic look at the world. (Brustein 16)Evaluating A Streetcar by Williams a contemporary reader and viewer defines the conflict between the main personages of the drama as extending its complexity far beyond the sexual underpinning. The opposition of home and alien space, simple and complex system of values and judgements, realism and symbolization, and, finally, of culture and simple instincts makes the play still luring and suggestive for modern audience. Blanche serves an embodiment of culture with all its difficult and perilous consequences such as perversity, frustration, disillusionment and aggression. The same aggression yet grown from other motives and settings is seen in the type of modern urban hero which is represented by Stanley. Despite the physical and menta l breakdown, Blanche is far from being defeated. She teaches everybody a moral lesson of keeping the cultural treasury of poetry, magic, nobility and exuberant palette of motives and values. Culture is not defeated by simpletons. It adjusts itself to reality in this form of other. This lesson seems to be one of the gifts Williams continues to grant audience with through his creative ancestry.